IP14 vs IP31
Head-to-head comparison of two IEC 60529 ingress protection ratings.
IP14 and IP31 are both IEC 60529 ingress protection codes, but they differ in solid-object protection (level 1 vs 3) and liquid protection (level 4 vs 1). IP14 is rated for > 50 mm — back of hand and splashing water (all directions), while IP31 provides > 2.5 mm — tool / wire and vertically dripping water.
Under IEC 60529, IP14 specifies protection against solid objects larger than 50 mm and protection against splashing water. Water splashed against the enclosure from any direction shall have no harmful effects.. It is an IEC 60529 ingress protection code combining first-digit (solid) level 1 with second-digit (liquid) level 4.
The IP31 rating offers protection against solid objects larger than 2.5 mm and protection against vertically falling drops of water. Dripping water shall have no harmful effects.. It is an IEC 60529 ingress protection code combining first-digit (solid) level 3 with second-digit (liquid) level 1.
Detailed comparison
The stronger rating on each row is highlighted in emerald.
Solid protection (first digit)
IP14
1 — > 50 mm — Back of Hand
IP31
3 — > 2.5 mm — Tool / Wire
Liquid protection (second digit)
IP14
4 — Splashing Water (all directions)
IP31
1 — Vertically Dripping Water
Dust-tight
IP14
No
IP31
No
Water-jet resistant
IP14
No
IP31
No
Submersible
IP14
No
IP31
No
Outdoor suitable
IP14
Yes
IP31
No
The exact difference (IP14 vs IP31)
Solid protection
IP14
Level 1 — > 50 mm — Back of Hand
IP31
Level 3 — > 2.5 mm — Tool / Wire
IP14 provides "> 50 mm — Back of Hand" (level 1), while IP31 provides "> 2.5 mm — Tool / Wire" (level 3). IP31 is 2 levels higher.
Liquid protection
IP14
Level 4 — Splashing Water (all directions)
IP31
Level 1 — Vertically Dripping Water
IP14 handles 50–100 kPa (Splashing Water (all directions)), while IP31 handles 0.1 mm/min drip rate (Vertically Dripping Water). IP14 provides 3 levels more liquid protection.
NEMA equivalents
No direct NEMA equivalent.
No direct NEMA equivalent.
Recommendation
IP14 offers higher overall protection than IP31. Choose IP14 for harsher environments; IP31 may suffice for milder conditions and can be more cost-effective.