IP31 vs IP65
Head-to-head comparison of two IEC 60529 ingress protection ratings.
IP31 and IP65 are both IEC 60529 ingress protection codes, but they differ in solid-object protection (level 3 vs 6) and liquid protection (level 1 vs 5). IP31 is rated for > 2.5 mm — tool / wire and vertically dripping water, while IP65 provides dust-tight and water jets (6.3 mm nozzle).
The IP31 rating offers protection against solid objects larger than 2.5 mm and protection against vertically falling drops of water. Dripping water shall have no harmful effects.. It is an IEC 60529 ingress protection code combining first-digit (solid) level 3 with second-digit (liquid) level 1.
IP65 is dust-tight and resists low-pressure water jets (6.3 mm nozzle, 30 kPa). It is the most common standard for fully exposed outdoor electronics such as lighting, cameras, and EV chargers.
Detailed comparison
The stronger rating on each row is highlighted in emerald.
Solid protection (first digit)
IP31
3 — > 2.5 mm — Tool / Wire
IP65
6 — Dust-Tight
Liquid protection (second digit)
IP31
1 — Vertically Dripping Water
IP65
5 — Water Jets (6.3 mm nozzle)
Dust-tight
IP31
No
IP65
Yes
Water-jet resistant
IP31
No
IP65
Yes
Submersible
IP31
No
IP65
No
Outdoor suitable
IP31
No
IP65
Yes
The exact difference (IP31 vs IP65)
Solid protection
IP31
Level 3 — > 2.5 mm — Tool / Wire
IP65
Level 6 — Dust-Tight
IP31 provides "> 2.5 mm — Tool / Wire" (level 3), while IP65 provides "Dust-Tight" (level 6). IP65 is 3 levels higher.
Liquid protection
IP31
Level 1 — Vertically Dripping Water
IP65
Level 5 — Water Jets (6.3 mm nozzle)
IP31 handles 0.1 mm/min drip rate (Vertically Dripping Water), while IP65 handles 30 kPa (Water Jets (6.3 mm nozzle)). IP65 provides 4 levels more liquid protection.
NEMA equivalents
No direct NEMA equivalent.
No direct NEMA equivalent.
Recommendation
IP65 offers higher overall protection than IP31. Choose IP65 for harsher environments; IP31 may suffice for milder conditions and can be more cost-effective.